Permit me to make my second and final contribution to the
raging debate about Lagos, who owns it and the seemingly endless tensions that
exist between the igbo and the yoruba. It is amazing how one or two of the
numerous nationalities that make up Nigeria secretly wish that they were yoruba
and consistently lay claim to Lagos as being partly theirs. Have they forgotten
where they came from? I have never heard of a yoruba wanting to give the
impression to the world that he is an igbo, an ijaw, an efik or a hausa-fulani
or claiming that he is a co-owner of Port Harcourt, Enugu, Calabar, Kano or
Kaduna. Yet more often than not some of those that are not of yoruba extraction
but that have lived in Lagos for some part of their lives have tried to claim
that they are bona fide Lagosians and honorary members of the yoruba race.
Clearly it is time for us to answer the nationality question. These matters
have to be settled once and for all.
Lagos and the south west are the land and the patrimony of
the yoruba and we will not allow anyone, no matter how fond of them we may be,
to take it away from us or share it with us in the name of ''being nice'',
''patriotism'', ''one Nigeria'' or anything else. The day that the yoruba are
allowed to lay claim to exactly the same rights and privilages that the
indegenous people in non-yoruba states and zones enjoy and the day they can
operate freely and become commissioners and governors in the Niger Delta states,
the north, the Middle Belt and the south-east we may reconsider our position.
But up until then we shall not do so. Lagos is not a ''no-man's land'' but the
land and heritage of the yoruba people. Others should not try to claim what is
not theirs.
I am not involved in this debate for fun or for political
gain and I am not participating in it to play politics but rather to speak the
truth, to present the relevant historical facts to those that wish to learn and
to educate the uninformed. That is why I write without fear or favour and that
is why I intend to be thoroughly candid and brutally frank in this essay. And I
am not too concerned or worried about what anyone may think or how they may
feel about what I am about to say because I am a servant of truth and the truth
must be told no matter how bitter it is and no matter whose ox is gored. That
truth is as follows.
The yoruba, more than any other nationality in this country
in the last 100 years, have been far too accomodating and tolerant when it comes
to their relationship with other nationalities in this country and this is
often done to their own detriment. That is why some of our igbo brothers and
sisters can make some of the sort of asinine remarks and contributions that a
few of them have been making in this debate both in the print media and in
numerous social media portals and networks ever since Governor Fashola
''deported'' 19 igbo destitutes back to Anambra state. In the last 80 years the
igbo have been shown more generosity, accomodation, warmth and kindness and
given more opportunities and leverage by the yoruba than they have been offered
by ANY other ethnic group in Nigeria. This is a historical fact. The yoruba do
not have any resentment for the igbo and we have allowed them to do in our land
and our territory what they have never allowed us to do in theirs. This has
been so for 80 long years and it is something that we are very proud of.
As I said elsewhere recently, to be accomodating and
generous is a mark of civilisation and it comes easily to people that once had
empires. The reason why many of our people take strong exception to the
apparant outrage of the igbo over this ''deportation'' issue and the
provocative comments of my friend and brother Chief Orji Uzor Kalu when he described
Lagos as being a ''no man's land'' is because the igbo have not only taken us
for granted but they have also taken liberty for licence.
We cannot be expected to tolerate or accept that sort of
irreverant and unintelligent rubbish simply because we still happen to believe
in ''one Nigeria'' and we will not sacrifice our rights or prostitute our
principles on the alter of that ''one Nigeria''. Whether Nigeria is one or not,
what is ours is ours and no-one should test our resolve or make any mistake about
that. ''One Nigeria'' yes but no-one should spit in our faces or covet our
land, our treasure, our success, our history, our virtues, our being and our
heritage and attempt to claim those for themselves simply because we took them
in on a rainy day. It is that same attitude of ''we own everything'', ''we must
have everything'' and ''we must control everything'' that the igbo settlers
manifested in the northern region in the late 50's and early and mid-60's that
got them into so much trouble up there with the hausa fulani and that
eventually led to the terrible pogroms where almost one hundred thousand of
them were killed in just a few days.
Again it is that same attitude that they manifested in Lagos
and the Western Region in the late '30's and the early and mid-40's that
alienated the yoruba from them, that led to the establishment of the Action
Group in April, 1951 and that resulted in the narrow defeat of Chief Nnamdi
Azikiwe in the Western Regional elections of December, 1951. As a matter of
fact they were the ones that FIRST introduced tribalism into southern politics
in 1945 with the unsavoury comments of Mr. Charles Dadi Onyeama who was a
member of the Central Legislative Council representing Enugu and who said at
the Igbo State Union address that ''the domination of Nigeria and Africa by the
igbo is only a matter of time''. This single comment made in that explosive and
historic speech did more damage to southern Nigerian unity than any other in
the entire history of our country and everything changed from that moment on.
To make matters worse, in July 1948 Chief Nnamdi Azikiwe
made his own openly tribal and incendiary speech, again at the Igbo State
Union, in which he spoke about the ''god of the igbo'' eventually giving them
the leadership of Nigeria and Africa. These careless and provocative words cost
him dearly and put a nail in the coffin of the NCNC in the Western Region from
that moment on. This was despite the fact that that same NCNC, which was easily
the largest and most powerful political party in Nigeria at the time, had been
founded and established by a great and illustrious son of the yoruba by the
name of Mr. Herbert Macauly. Macauly, like most of the yoruba in his day, saw
no tribe and he happily handed the leadership of the party over to Azikiwe, an
igbo man, in 1945 when he was on his dying bed. How much more can the yoruba do
than that when it comes to being blind to tribe? Can there be any greater
evidence of our total lack of racial prejudice and tribal sentiments than that?
If the NCNC had been founded and established by an igbo man would he have
handed the whole thing over to a yoruba on his death bed? I doubt it very much.
Again when northern military officers mutineed, effected
their ''revenge coup'' and went to kill the igbo military Head of State,
General Aguiyi-Ironsi on July 29th 1966 in the old Western Region, his host,
the yoruba Col. Fajuyi (who was military Governor of the Western Region at the
time), insisted that they would have to kill him first before taking Aguiyi-Ironsi's
life and the northern officers (led by Major T.Y. Danjuma as he then was)
promptly obliged him by slaughtering him before killing Aguiyi-Ironsi. How many
igbos know about that and how many times in our history have they made such
sacrifices for the yoruba? Would Aguiyi-Ironsi, or any other igbo officer, have
stood for Fajuyi, or any other yoruba officer, and sacrificed his life for him
in the same way that Fajuyi did had the roles been reversed? I doubt it very
much.
Yet instead of being grateful the igbo continuously run us
down, blame us for all their woes, envy our educational advantages and resent
us deeply for our ability to excel in the professions and commerce. Unlike them
we were never traders but we were (and still are) industrialists and when it
comes to the professions we were producing lawyers, doctors, accountants and
university graduates at least three generations before they ever did. That is
the bitter truth and they have been trying to catch up with us ever since. For
example the first yoruba lawyer Christopher Alexander Sapara Williams was
called to the English Bar in 1879 whilst the first igbo lawyer, Sir Louis
Mbanefo, was called to the English bar in 1937. Again the first yoruba medical
practitioner, Dr. Nathaniel King, graduated in 1875 from the University of
Edinburgh whilst the first igbo medical practitioner, Dr. Akannu Ibiam,
graduated from another Scottish University in 1935.
Yet despite all this and all that they have been through
over the years and despite their terrible experiences in the civil war we are
witnessing that same attitude of ''we must control all'', ''we must own all''
and ''we must have all'' rearing its ugly head again today when it comes to
their attitude to the issue of the deportations from Lagos state and when you
consider the comments of the Orji Kalu's of this world about the igbo
supposedly ''owning Lagos'' with the yoruba and supposedly ''generating 55 per
cent of the state's revenue''. It is most insulting. And I must say that it is
wrong and unfair for anyone to lay the blame for the perenniel suspicion and
underlying tensions that lie between the two nationalities on the yoruba
because that is far from the truth.
We are not the problem, they are. Pray tell me, in the whole
of Nigeria who treated the igbo better than the yoruba after the civil war and
who gave them somewhere to run to where they could regain all their ''abandoned
property'' and feel at home again? Who encouraged them to return to Lagos and
the west and who saved the jobs that they held before the civil war for them to
come back to when the war ended? No other tribe or nationality did all that for
them in the country- only the yoruba did so. And the people of the old Mid-West
and the Eastern minorities (who make up the zone that is collectively known as
the ''south-south' today) have always viewed them with suspicion, have always
feared them and have always resented them deeply.
From the foregoing any objective observer can tell that we
the yoruba have always played our part when it comes to accomodating others.
This is particularly so when it comes to the igbo who we have always had a soft
spot for and who we have always regarded as brothers and sisters. It is time
that those ''others'' also play their part by acquiring a little more humility,
by knowing and accepting their place in the scheme of things and by desisting
from giving the impression that they own our territory or that they made us
what we are.
Now let us look at a few historical facts and one or two
more igbo ''firsts' that many may not be familiar with to butress the point.
The igbo people were the FIRST to carry out a failed coup on the night of Jan
15th, 1966 under the leadership of Major Emmanuel Ifejuna, Major Chukuma Kaduna
Nzeogwu, Major Christian Anuforo, Capt. Ben Gbulie, Major Timothy Onwatuegwu,
Major Donatus Okafor, Capt. Ude, Capt. Emmanuel Nwobosi, Captain Udeaja, Lt.
Okafor, Lt. Okocha, Lt. Anyafulu, Lt. Okaka, Lt. Ezedigbo, Lt. Amunchenwa, Lt.
Nwokedi, 2nd Lt. J.C. Ojukwu, 2nd Lt. Ngwuluka, 2nd Lt. Ejiofor, 2nd Lt.
Egbikor, 2nd Lt. Igweze, 2nd Lt. Onyefuru, 2nd Lt. Nwokocha, 2nd Lt. Azubuogu
and 2nd Lt. Nweke in which they drew FIRST blood and openly slaughtered and
butchered leadiing politicians and army officers from EVERY single zone in the
country except their own. I should also mention that even though this was
clearly an igbo coup there was one yoruba officer who was amongst the
ringleaders by the name of Major Adewale Ademoyega.
It was a very bloody night indeed. Amongst those killed were
the Prime Minister, Sir Tafawa Balewa, the Premier of the Western Region, Chief
S.L. Akintola, the Premier of the Northern Region, Sir Ahmadu Bello, the
Federal Minister of Finance, Chief Festus Okotie-Eboh, Brigadier Zakari
Maimalari, Brigadier Samuel Ademulegun, Colonel Ralph Shodeinde, Lt . Colonel
James Yakubu Pam, Lt. Colonel Abogo Largema and numerous others. They did not
just kill these reverred and respected leaders but in some cases they mocked,
tortured and maimed them before doing so, took pictures of their dead and
mutilated bodies and killed their wives and children as well. For weeks after
these horrific acts were carried out the igbo people rejoiced and celebrated
them in the streets and markets of the north, openly displaying pictures and
posters of the Saurdana's mutilated body with Nzeogwu's boot on his neck,
loudly playing a famous and deeply offensive anti-northern song in which
northerners were compared to goats and listening to it on their radios,
jubilating that they had brought an end to what they described as ''northern
rule and islamic domination'' and openly boasting that they themselves would
now ''rule Nigeria forever''. Though the first coup failed the matter did not
end there.
The very next day after the Jan.15th mutiny and butchery had
failed and did not result in Ifejuna taking power in Lagos, the igbo people set
their ''plan B'' in motion and they were the FIRST to carry out a successful
coup in Nigeria just one day later on Jan. 17th 1966. This was when the igbo
Major-General J.T,U. Aguiyi-Ironsi (who was Supreme Commander of the Nigerian
Army and who had inexplicably and suspiciously not been murdered by the young
igbo officers in their violent mutiny and killing spree the night before) in
collusion with the igbo Acting President Nwafor Orizu and the entire igbo
political leadership of that day, invited the remnants of Sir Tafawa Balewa's
cabinet to a closed door meeting, threatened their lives and took power from
them at the point of a gun.
Aguiyi-Ironsi did not just ask them to give him power but he
took it from them by force by telling them that he could not guarantee their
safety if they refused to do so. Meanwhile Orizu point blank refused to do his
duty as Acting President and swear in Zana Bukar Dipcharimma as the Acting
Prime Minster when the members of the cabinet and the British Ambassador (who
was also at the meeting) implored him to do so since by that time there was a
power vacuum because the Prime Minister, Sir Tafawa Balewa, had gone missing
and had probably been murdered. It was in these very suspicious circumstances
and as a consequence of this murky and deep-seated igbo conspiaracy that
General Aguiyi-Ironsi came to power. Amongst those that were present at that
famous ''meeting'' that are still alive today are Alhaji Maitama Sule, Chief
Richard Akinjide and President Shehu Shagari who were all Ministers in Balewa's
cabinet . Those that doubt the veracity of my account of this meeting would do
well to ask any of them exactly what transpired during that encounter.
Yet the seeming success of the conspiracy was short-lived.
Only six months
later, on July 29th 1966, General Aguiyi-Ironsi and no less
than 300 igbo army officers reaped the consequences of their actions and plot
when they were all slaughtered in just one night during the northern officers
revenge coup which was led by Lt. Colonel Murtala Mohammed, Major Abba Kyari,
Captain Martins Adamu, Major T.Y. Danjuma, Major Musa Usman, Captain Joseph
Garba, Captain Shittu Alao, Captain Baba Usman, Captain Gibson S.Jalo and
Captain Shehu Musa Yar'adua as they then were. Lt. Colonel Yakubu Gowon was put
in power by this group after that and a few weeks later between September 29th
1966 and the middle of October of that same year approximately 50,000 igbo
civilians were attacked and slaughtered in a series of horrendous pogroms in
the north by violent northern mobs as a reprisal for the killing of the
northern leaders, including Sir Ahmadu Bello, the Saurdana of Sokoto, by Major
Nzeogwu, Major Ifejuna and other junior igbo officers on the night of Jan. 15th
1966. Please note that despite the fact that a number of yoruba leaders were
killed on that night as well no igbo civilians were massacred anywhere in the
west by mobs in reprisal killings throughout that period.
The igbos understandably left the north in droves after
those terrible pogroms and fled back to the east from whence they came. And
perhaps that would have been the end of ithe story but for the fact that they
also declared secession and sought to dismember Nigeria. They then made their
biggest mistake of all by provoking a full scale military conflict with Nigeria
when they launched a vicious and unprovoked attack against the rest of the
south attacking and conscripting the eastern minorities , storming the Mid-West
and attempting to enter yorubaland through Ore to capture it. Thankfully they
were stopped in their tracks by the gallant efforts and courageous fighting
skills of the Third Marine Commando (which was primarily a yoruba force and
which was under the command of the great Colonel Benjamin Adekunle, 'the Black
Scorpion'), prevented from entering the west, driven out of the Mid-West,
pushed back into the East, defeated in battle after battle and were eventually
brought down to their knees and forced to surrender to the Federal forces in
Enugu.
The igbo and their Biafra fought Nigeria and killed
Nigerians for 3 hard years in that brutal civil war in which over one million
courageous, loyal and faithful sons and daughters of the Federal Republic lost
their lives at the war front trying to stop Biafra from seceeding from the
federaration, from taking our land and from taking the minority groups of the
Mid-Western Region and Eastern Region and our newly-discovered oil with them.
Yet despite our massive casualties and the monuemental loss of life that the
Federal side suffered (a total of 2 million died on both sides) the igbo people
were welcomed back into Nigeria after the war with open arms. Yet it was only
in yorubaland and especially in Lagos that they were given all their
''abandoned property'' back and welcomed back as brothers and sisters without
any reservations or suspicions whatsoever. Everywhere else in the country for
many years they were denied, deprived, shunned, attacked, killed, discriminated
against and humiliated but never in the southwest or Lagos. It is the igbo
people more than any other that have complained about marginalisation in
Nigeria, forgetting that there is no other country in the world in which there
was a major civil war and yet only 10 years after that war ended the losing
side produced the Vice President for the whole country in a democratic election
in 1979 in the distinguished person of Vice President Alex Ekwueme.
Some have described my submissions in this debate as being
''inflammatory'' and have claimed that I am ''not a true progressive'' for
making them. I reject these labels and I wonder whether those people that
conjured them up described the comments of my dear friend and brother Chief
Orji Kalu as "inflammatory" and whether they labelled him as ''not
being a true progressive" when he erroneously claimed that the igbo
generated 55 per cent of the revenue and owned 55 per cent of businesses in
Lagos and that they are effectively the owners of the state. Unlike most of
those that are attempting to label me and brand me as a tribalist I know the
history of Lagos and the yoruba very well.
We will not let anyone poison the minds of our yoruba youth
or dispossess them of their heritage by keeping silent when we witness the
irresponsible and dishonest propagation of the most desperate and despicable
form of historical revisionism that some igbo leaders are suddenly churning
out. If anyone thinks that they can intimidate us into keeping quite when their
leaders say such things then they will have the biggest shocker of their lives.
We shall not be silenced and they shall not pass. Lagos and the yoruba
generally have much stronger historical, cultural and trading ties with the bini,
the itsekiri, the uruhobo, the isoko, the hausa-fulani, the tapas, the nupes
and the ijaws than they do with the igbo.
The input of those other major ethnic groups to the
development of Lagos and their stake in her is far greater than that of the igbo.
Whether anyone wishes to accept it or not that is the bitter truth.
We will not let anyone distort history and we will not keep
silent when we hear the irresponsible and disrespectful effusions of those that
seek to substitute truth with falsehood. When it comes to Lagos it is time that
everyone respected themselves and knew their place. The igbo particularly
should display a much higher degree of respect and gratitude to those who were
gracious enough to accept them in their land as equals when things were very
difficult for them and who treated them with love, respect and kindness after
the civil war when hardly anyone else was prepared to do so.
We the yoruba have accomodated others in Lagos and
throughout the south west and we have let them live in peace for the last 100
years. As a matter of fact we have been glad to do so because as far as we are
concerned that is one of the hallmarks of civilisation- the ability to
accomodate other faiths, other cultures, other races and other nationalities
and to create an equitable and just racial melting pot where equal
opportunities are available to all. It is a great and noble virtue to be open
and tolerant but that does not mean that we are fools and it does not mean that
we do not know who we are, where we are coming from, what is ours and what our
heritage is.
The fact that we have allowed others to thrive and settle in
our land and share it with us does not mean that we have stopped owning that
land. The suggestion that Lagos is a ''no-man's land' and that the igbo or any
other nationality outside the yoruba generate up to 55 per cent of it's revenue
or business is absolutely absurd and frankly it has no basis in reality or
rationality. It is not only a dirty lie but it is also very insulting.
Guests, no matter how welcome, esteemed, cherished and
valued they are, cannot become the owners of the house no matter how
comfortable they are made to feel within it. Those guests will always be
guests. Lagos belongs to the yoruba and to the yoruba alone. ALL others that
reside there are guests, though some guests are far closer to us than others.
The igbos are the least close, the most distant and the least familiar with our
customs and our ways. They ought to be the last to be claiming our heritage and
coveting our land and neither can they claim to have made any real input to our
glaring success. For them to think otherwise is nothing but delusion.
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